Definition of Constrictive pericarditis
Constrictive pericarditis: Scarring of the pericardial sac. This
limits the ability of the heart to function because it cannot expand enough to
collect blood and pump it to the lungs and then back to the body. Bleeding into
the pericardium from trauma or from a heart operation is the most common cause
of constrictive pericarditis, but tumors or infections can also be the cause.
The constriction occurs slowly over time and causes shortness of breath on
exertion and a decreased ability to exercise. Swelling in the legs and the
abdomen may exist because it is difficult for blood to return to the heart, and
fluid leaks out into the tissues. Pericardotomy, an operation to split open the
pericardium to free up the constriction around the heart, may be required to
improve function.
Last Editorial Review: 3/4/2008
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