Definition of SplenomegalySplenomegaly: Abnormal enlargement of the spleen. Splenomegaly is a sign of an underlying condition, such as severe liver disease, leukemia, or mononucleosis. Patients with splenomegaly should avoid activities that risk trauma to the abdomen, including contact sports, because of risk of bleeding from the injured spleen. Last Editorial Review: 3/19/2012 Back to MedTerms online medical dictionary A-Z List 
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